Identity Theft is one of the fastest-growing financial crimes in Puerto Rico and the United States. This crime occurs when someone uses one's personal information—such as their name, address, Social Security number, bank accounts, or credit cards—to commit fraud. The consequences can be devastating: loss of money, damage to one's credit history, rejection of credit applications, and even legal problems.
How does identity theft occur?
Thieves can obtain your personal information by:
- Theft of wallets, purses, or correspondence.
- Access to insecure websites or hacking of databases.
- Searching through household or business waste (dumpster diving).
- Fraudulent calls or emails requesting data.
- Devices for Copying Card Information (skimming).
- Purchase of data from employees or internal sources. [consumerpr.org]
Impact on Puerto Rico and Recent Trends
According to the FTC, in 2024, consumers in Puerto Rico reported losses of more than $14 million in fraud, with identity theft being one of the leading causes. The average loss per victim was $609, and more than 1.1 million cases of identity theft were recorded nationwide. [primerahora.com]
Your Rights and Current Laws
- Security Credit Freeze Law (Law 236-2015)
You may request that credit bureaus freeze your report to prevent third parties from accessing it. The freeze remains in place until you request its removal. Agencies must process the request within 3 days. The maximum cost is $10, except for victims of identity theft or individuals 65 years old and older, who are exempt. [tribunapr.com], [sincomillas.com] - Puerto Rico Penal Code
Illegal identity appropriation and electronic fraud are penalized with severe penalties, including jail time and fines. [bvirtualogp.pr.gov] - Electronic Data Protection
Companies and entities must destroy confidential information before disposing of electronic equipment, according to the Electronic Equipment Recycling and Disposal Act. [law.justia.com]
How to protect oneself from identity theft
- Review your credit report
Request a free annual copy at www.annualcreditreport.com. Place fraud alerts if you suspect any irregular activity. - Destroy sensitive documents
Shred account statements, checks, and any documents containing personal information. - Protect your digital information
Use secure passwords, enable two-step authentication, and avoid public Wi-Fi networks for transactions. - Take care of your Social Security number
Do not share it unnecessarily and inquire why they are requesting it. - Monitor your accounts
Please review bank and credit card statements frequently. Report any suspicious transactions immediately. [consumerpr.org], [prfedcu.com]
What to Do if You Are a Victim
- Submit a complaint with the police and retain a copy to show creditors.
- Place a fraud alert on your credit reports.
- Notify your banks and credit card issuers.
- Please consider specialized identity protection and recovery services, such as those offered by insurance companies and cooperatives. [ayudalegalpr.org], [mapfre.pr]
Helpful resources
- FTC: identitytheft.gov
- DACO Puerto Rico: www.daco.pr.gov
- Legal Help PR: www.ayudalegalpr.org
- CONSUMER Credit Counseling: www.consumerpr.org
Conclusion
Identity theft can affect your financial life for years. Prevention is your best defense: Protect
